Fluid filters and purifiers; air filters for gasmasks; air filters for vehicles, watercraft, and aircraft; filters and purifiers for the removal of noxious substances from liquid and gas streams; air filters and purifiers; water filters and purifiers; filters and purifiers for the removal ofoxides of nitrogen, ammonia and amines, compounds of sulfur, halogens and compounds of halogens, including bromine chlorine, fluorine, iodine, and other odiferous or toxic contaminants from gases and liquids