Disposable or rechargeable magnetic, optical, memory or electronic microchip cards, with or without contact (radio frequency, infrared or other) for pre-paid or post-paid use, containing one or several electronic purses, used for all types of applications and particularly for controlling physical access, access to computer systems or controlling loyalty cards; devices for holding, collecting and entering data; encoded cards; encoded and magnetic debit cards, credit cards and payment cards; en...