Hermetically sealed housings for the encapsulation of electrotechnical, electronical and opto-electronical components, especially for transistors, diodes, quartz, oscillators, hybrid circuits, integrated circuits, electric circuits, reactor safety containers, sensors, actuators, micro-electro and micro-electronic mechanical system. (MEMS), batteries fuel cells, reed switches, implants, capacitors being condensers, resistors, fuses, feedthroughs and lasers