| Serial Number | 79167419 |
| Word Mark | DEGUSSA |
| Filing Date | Friday, June 20, 2014 |
| Status | 709 - CANCELLED - SECTION 71 |
| Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Registration Number | 5121510 |
| Registration Date | Tuesday, January 17, 2017 |
| Mark Drawing | 4000 - Illustration: Drawing with word(s) / letter(s) / number(s) in Block form |
| Published for Opposition Date | Tuesday, November 1, 2016 |
| Translation of Words in Mark | The wording "DEGUSSA" has no meaning in a foreign language. |
| Goods and Services | Sensing and signaling devices for measurement and quality control of material processing by laser; level measuring machines; leveling rods; surveying chains; surveying transits; and surveying tripods; Apparatuses and instruments used for photographic purposes, namely, bags and cases for cameras and other photographic equipment, drying apparatus for photographic prints, exposure meters, photographic cameras, photographic filters, photographic flash units, photographic projectors, slide transparencies, and viewfinders; Apparatuses and instruments used for cinematographic purposes, namely, exposed cinematographic film, cinematographic projectors, and sound recording devices; blank optical discs, cables for electrical or optical signal transmission, dispersion shifted optical fibers, electronic and optical communications instruments and components, namely, optical transmitters, optical receivers, optical data links, optical transceivers; laser equipment designed for cutting, drilling, marking, engraving, shaping, and tinting optical lenses for eyeglasses; nonlinear optical fibres; optical character recognition apparatus; optical character readers; optical disc drives; optical disk readers; optical frames; optical frequency metrology devices; optical glasses, optical inspection devices for industrial use; optical and telescopic lens sights; optical readers; optical reflectors; optical scanners; optical semiconductor amplifiers, optical shutters; instruments for measuring radiation, instruments for measuring resistance, lasers for measuring purposes, laser Doppler for measuring purposes, gas sensors for measuring gas concentration; measuring and control devices for air conditioning technology; bevels; rheometers for measuring the viscosity and viscoelasticity of fluids; Apparatuses and instruments used for signaling, namely, rotating lights; apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling electricity, namely, apparatuses and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling electricity, namely, electricity conduits, electricity adapters, and electricity winding wires; Apparatuses for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images; batteries; galvanic cells and batteries, semi-conductors; blank recording discs; blank compact discs, DVDs and other digital recording media, namely, downloadable audio and video recordings featuring chemicals, specialty chemicals, scientific and laboratory research; mechanisms for coin-operated apparatus; data processing equipment and computers; fire-extinguishing apparatus |
| Goods and Services | Building materials and parts for building, not of metal, in the form of fibres, foils, panels, tiles, blocks, rods and pipes; tiles and floor tiles, not of metal; potters' clay raw material; silica quartz; ceramic tiles for linings and wall linings, not of metal, for building; asphalt, pitch and bitumen; non-metallic transportable buildings; monuments, not of metal |
| Goods and Services | Rubber, namely, foam rubber, silicone rubber, reclaimed rubber, crude rubber, natural rubber, raw or semi-worked rubber, rubber derivatives, rubber for use in the manufacture of tires and synthetic rubber; gutta-percha; gum, namely, raw or partly processed; asbestos; mica; mica raw or partly processed; plastics in extruded form for use in further manufacture, in particular plastics and artificial resins being semi-finished products in the form of foils, panels, sheets, profiles, blocks, rods, pipes and mouldings; double web sandwich panels and multi web sandwich panels of plastics being semi-finished products; plastics in extruded form as semi-finished products for further manufacturing of packing, stopping and insulating materials; semi processed foams and films of plastics in the nature of filtering materials for use in chemical and scientific industries; plastics being semi-finished products in the nature of filtering materials for producing filter modules, microfilters and membranes, in particular for nanofiltration purposes, polymer membranes for filtration purposes in organic solvents; packing materials in the nature of cellulose acetate film; stopping materials in the nature of doorstops of rubber; flexible pipes, not of metal |
| Goods and Services | Pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment of infectious diseases; pharmaceuticals for wounds, pharmaceutical skin lotions; Antibacterial pharmaceuticals; antidiabetic pharmaceuticals; pharmaceutical astringent; pharmaceuticals for the treatment of respiratory diseases and disorders; hydrogen peroxide for medical purposes; drug delivery agents in the form of dragée coatings and glazes for tablets that facilitate the delivery of pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations; delivery agents in the form of coatings and glazes for tablets that facilitate the delivery of nutritional supplements, namely, dietetic substances in the nature of amino acids, peptides and proteins for medical and veterinary purposes; nutritive substances for microorganisms for medical purposes; drug delivery agents in the nature of dragée coatings and glazes that facilitate the delivery of a wide range of pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations; drug delivery agents in the nature of coatings and glazes for dietetic substances, amino acids, peptides and proteins that facilitate the delivery of a wide range of medical and veterinary purposes; sanitary goods for medical purposes, namely, sanitary preparations for medical use, sanitary disinfectants; chemical preparations for sanitary purposes; dietetic food, namely, crackers and pasta adapted for medical use; nutraceutical, namely, nutritional supplements and vitamins; minerals and trace elements as food additives for medical purpose; food for babies; medical plasters; materials for dressings, namely, gauze, bandages, wadding, medical wound dressings, surgical wound dressings; material for stopping teeth; dental wax; disinfectants for hygienic purposes, disinfectants for medical instruments; preparations for destroying vermin; fungicides and herbicides; animal feed additives, namely, proteins, amino acids and peptides for medical purposes |
| Goods and Services | Non-mineral industrial oils and greases; industrial oils, industrial greases; industrial lubricants; liquid fuels; viscometric goods for fuels, in particular viscometric additives, viscosity index improvers, lubricants; dust absorbing, dust wetting and dust binding compositions; fuels; candles and wicks for candles for lighting |
| Goods and Services | Laundry bleach and other washing preparations; laundry detergent, laundry fabric conditioner, laundry glaze, laundry pre-soak, laundry soap, laundry starch, laundry wax, general purpose cleaning, polishing, scouring and abrasive liquids and powders; cleaning preparations, polishing preparations, scouring preparations, soaps for personal use; perfumery; essential oils; cosmetics; hair lotions; dentifrices |
| Goods and Services | Paints; varnishes; lacquers; pigments; dispersion paint; coating compositions in the nature of paint for industrial applications; thickeners and thixotropic agents for paints and lacquers; binding agents for paints, lacquers, coatings, printing inks, pigment concentrates, plasters and mastics; thickeners for paints, thickeners for lacquers, thickeners for coatings, printing inks, pigment concentrates, plasters and mastics; thinners for paints and lacquers, thinners for coatings, printing inks, pigment concentrates, plasters and mastics; fixatives, namely, binding agents for paints, lacquers, coatings, printing inks, pigment concentrates, plasters and mastics and for coatings for structures of all kinds; preservative coatings against rust and against deterioration of wood; colorants; mordant dyes; raw natural resins; metals in foil and powder form for painters, decorators, printers and artists |
| Goods and Services | Chemicals used in industry, science; chemical preparations for use in photography; agrochemicals chemicals for use in agriculture, horticulture and forestry except fungicides, herbicides, insecticides and parasiticides; petroleum dispersants; chemicals used in the metalworking industry and in the textile industry, the paper industry, the cosmetics industry, the pharmaceutical industry and the petroleum industry; chemicals for use in manufacturing and processing of plastics, agrochemicals, paints and lacquers, and for manufacturing of coatings, in particular raw materials for coatings and finishing preparations for coatings; silica gel; chemicals, namely, powdered silica for use in industry; alumina; aluminium silicate; titanium dioxide; kieselgur; zirconium chloride; chemicals, namely, zirconia for use in industry; silicon; silicon dioxide; silanes; silicates, namely, aluminium silicate, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, and zinc silicate; unprocessed silicone resins; silicones for use in the manufacture of personal care and cosmetic compositions; cyanides; hydrogen peroxide for use in industry; silica for use in industry, in particular as fillers for natural and synthetic rubber, as thickening preparations for liquid systems, as preparations for improving flowability, and as carriers and adsorbents for catalysts; chemical and biochemical catalysts; silica for use in the chemical industry, textile industry, pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics industry, paint and coatings industry, ceramics and plastics industry and in medical and biotechnological applications and for manufacturing of paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials; chemical preparations for manufacturing of paints, inks and lacquers, coatings, printing inks; chemicals for use in the manufacture of colorants, pigment concentrates, plasters and mastics; chemicals for manufacturing of tyres; vulcanising preparations, namely, vulcanization accelerators; chemicals for manufacturing of batteries; chemical additives for petroleum products and lubricants; defoaming agents; chemicals for use as additives or ingredients in mineral oils, fuels, including motor spirit, lubricants, industrial oils and greases; chemicals for use in the manufacture of surface protection preparations and preparations for protection against deterioration; chemicals for manufacturing of hydraulic fluids, oils, lubricants and greases; chemicals for manufacturing of acrylates, methacrylates and polymers; viscometric chemicals, namely, viscosity index improvers for hydraulic fluids, oils, lubricants and greases; chemicals used to manufacture dispersing preparations; esters, namely, acetic acid ester, boric ester, methyl ester and viscose cellulose esters for use in industry; chemicals for use as water softening substances; water purifying chemicals; alcohol used in industrial purposes; chemical preparations and additives for manufacturing of cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations; chemicals used in building and construction; chemical additives and auxiliaries for manufacturing of paints, lacquers, coatings, printing inks; chemical additives and auxiliaries for use in the manufacture of colorants, pigment concentrates, plasters and mastics; amino acids, peptides and proteins for laboratory or research use; unprocessed artificial resins; unprocessed plastics; polymerisation resins, including absorbent and super absorbent polymerisation resins, in particular for use in the sanitation industry for manufacturing of sanitary articles and materials; polymers, including absorbent, super absorbent and soluble polymers, in particular for use in the manufacture of power cables and communications cables; polymerisation resins for use in the packaging industry for binding of aqueous liquids of all kinds; plastic polymers for use in agriculture and forestry and in horticulture; chemical soil conditioning preparations; calcium-based algae nutrient supplements for use in aquariums; fire extinguishing compositions; tempering preparations; soldering chemicals; chemical substances for preserving foodstuffs; amino acids, peptides and proteins for use in manufacturing of animal food and fish food and foodstuffs for aquaculture; tanning agents for use in the manufacture of leather; adhesives used in industry |
| Goods and Services | Medical services; hygienic and beauty care for human beings or animals; agricultural services, namely, agricultural advice; horticulture services; forestry services, namely, pest controls for forestry |
| Goods and Services | Surgical instruments and apparatus; medical apparatus and instruments, namely, surgical APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS FOR medical, dental and veterinary USE; artificial limbs, eyes and teeth; orthopedic articles, NAMELY, ORTHOPEDIC APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS FOR DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC USE; suture materials; orthopaedic articles, namely, footwear, knee bandages, and soles; orthopaedic articles, namely, medical, surgical and orthopaedic implants made of artificial materials |
| Goods and Services | Unprocessed grains; agricultural grains for plants, agricultural spores and spawn, agricultural seeds; seeds and bulbs for horticultural purposes; forestry products, namely, raw woods; live animals; fresh fruits and vegetables; seeds, namely, agricultural seeds; natural plants and flowers; foodstuffs for animals, foodstuffs and fodder, in particular for animals and aquaculture; peptides and proteins for animal food and fish food and foodstuffs for aquaculture; malt for brewing and distilling |
| Goods and Services | Scientific research; Scientific research and design services of new products for others; Scientific research and design services in the field of chemicals and specialty chemicals; Scientific research and design services in the field of custom design of chemicals; Scientific research and development; scientific laboratory services for others; scientific research consulting in the fields of chemicals and specialty chemicals; Technological consulting services, namely, computer modeling and computer network hardware consulting, in the field of chemistry; technological planning and consulting services, namely, computer modeling and computer network hardware consulting in the field of chemicals; Chemical research; research in the field of chemistry; scientific and technological services, namely, scientific research in the field of chemicals; industrial analysis and research services in the fields of science and technology; industrial analysis and research services; design and development of computer hardware and software, in particular computer programs being databases for amino acid analysis of raw materials used in animal feed; computer software consultancy; consultancy in the field of technical and scientific analysis; scientific research in the field of animal foodstuffs and ingredients; research and development of processes for extracting and decontaminating of cyanide waste; research and development and technical consultancy in the field of lubrication technology and hydraulic liquid systems, quality and material testing; surveying; material testing; chemistry services, namely, chemistry consultation; engineering services; bacteriological laboratories; chemical laboratories; physics research; computer programming; rental of computers for data processing |
| International Class | 001 - Chemicals used in industry, science and photography, as well as in agriculture, horticulture and forestry; unprocessed artificial resins; unprocessed plastics; manures; fire extinguishing compositions; tempering and soldering preparations; chemical substances for preserving foodstuffs; tanning substances; adhesives used in industry. |
| US Class Codes | 001, 005, 006, 010, 026, 046 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 001 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 002 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers; preservatives against rust and against deterioration of wood; colorants; mordants; raw natural resins; metals in foil and powder form for painters, decorators, printers and artists. |
| US Class Codes | 006, 011, 016 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 002 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 003 - Bleaching preparations and other substances for laundry use; cleaning, polishing, scouring and abrasive preparations; soaps; perfumery, essential oils, cosmetics, hair lotions; dentifrices. |
| US Class Codes | 001, 004, 006, 050, 051, 052 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 003 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 004 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; dust absorbing, wetting and binding compositions; fuels (including motor spirit) and illuminants; candles and wicks for lighting. |
| US Class Codes | 001, 006, 015 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 004 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 005 - Pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations; sanitary preparations for medical purposes; dietetic substances adapted for medical use, food for babies; plasters, materials for dressings; material for stopping teeth, dental wax; disinfectants; preparations for destroying vermin; fungicides, herbicides. |
| US Class Codes | 006, 018, 044, 046, 051, 052 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 005 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 009 - Scientific, nautical, surveying, photographic, cinematographic, optical, weighing, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling electricity; apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images; magnetic data carriers, recording discs; automatic vending machines and mechanisms for coin operated apparatus; cash registers, calculating machines, data processing equipment and computers; fire extinguishing apparatus. |
| US Class Codes | 021, 023, 026, 036, 038 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 009 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 010 - Surgical, medical, dental, and veterinary apparatus and instruments, artificial limbs, eyes, and teeth; orthopedic articles; suture materials. |
| US Class Codes | 026, 039, 044 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 010 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 017 - Rubber, gutta-percha, gum, asbestos, mica and goods made from these materials and not included in other classes; plastics in extruded form for use in manufacture; packing, stopping and insulating materials; flexible pipes, not of metal. |
| US Class Codes | 001, 005, 012, 013, 035, 050 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 017 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 019 - Building materials (non-metallic); nonmetallic rigid pipes for building; asphalt, pitch and bitumen; nonmetallic transportable buildings; monuments, not of metal. |
| US Class Codes | 001, 012, 033, 050 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 019 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 031 - Agricultural, horticultural and forestry products and grains not included in other classes; live animals; fresh fruits and vegetables; seeds, natural plants and flowers; foodstuffs for animals; malt. |
| US Class Codes | 001, 046 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 031 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 042 - Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto; industrial analysis and research services; design and development of computer hardware and software. |
| US Class Codes | 100, 101 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 042 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| International Class | 044 - Medical services; veterinary services; hygienic and beauty care for human beings or animals; agriculture, horticulture and forestry services. |
| US Class Codes | 100, 101 |
| Class Status Code | F - NOT AVAILABLE |
| Class Status Date | Friday, July 28, 2023 |
| Primary Code | 044 |
| First Use Anywhere Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| First Use In Commerce Date | NOT AVAILABLE |
| Party Name | Evonik Operations GmbH |
| Party Type | 31 - New Owner After Registration |
| Legal Entity Type | 98 - Unknown |
| Address | DE |
| Party Name | Evonik Degussa GmbH |
| Party Type | 30 - Original Registrant |
| Legal Entity Type | 16 - Limited Liability Company |
| Address | Essen 45128 DE |
| Party Name | Evonik Degussa GmbH |
| Party Type | 20 - Owner at Publication |
| Legal Entity Type | 16 - Limited Liability Company |
| Address | Essen 45128 DE |
| Party Name | Evonik Degussa GmbH |
| Party Type | 11 - New Owner Before Publication |
| Legal Entity Type | 16 - Limited Liability Company |
| Address | Essen 45128 DE |
| Party Name | Evonik Industries AG |
| Party Type | 10 - Original Applicant |
| Legal Entity Type | 09 - Joint Stock Company |
| Address | Essen 45128 DE |
| Event Date | Event Description |
| Thursday, April 11, 2024 | TOTAL INVALIDATION OF REG EXT PROTECTION SENT TO IB |
| Wednesday, April 10, 2024 | INVALIDATION PROCESSED |
| Thursday, March 28, 2024 | TOTAL INVALIDATION OF REG EXT PROTECTION CREATED |
| Friday, July 28, 2023 | CANCELLED SECTION 71 |
| Monday, January 17, 2022 | COURTESY REMINDER - SEC. 71 (6-YR) E-MAILED |
| Thursday, May 14, 2020 | CHANGE OF OWNER RECEIVED FROM IB |
| Friday, May 5, 2017 | FINAL DECISION TRANSACTION PROCESSED BY IB |
| Friday, April 21, 2017 | NOTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE OPPOSITION - PROCESSED BY IB |
| Monday, April 17, 2017 | FINAL DISPOSITION NOTICE SENT TO IB |
| Monday, April 17, 2017 | FINAL DISPOSITION PROCESSED |
| Monday, April 17, 2017 | FINAL DISPOSITION NOTICE CREATED, TO BE SENT TO IB |
| Tuesday, January 17, 2017 | REGISTERED-PRINCIPAL REGISTER |
| Wednesday, November 23, 2016 | NOTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE OPPOSITION SENT TO IB |
| Wednesday, November 23, 2016 | NOTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE OPPOSITION CREATED, TO BE SENT TO IB |
| Friday, November 4, 2016 | NOTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE OPPOSITION - PROCESSED BY IB |
| Tuesday, November 1, 2016 | OFFICIAL GAZETTE PUBLICATION CONFIRMATION E-MAILED |
| Tuesday, November 1, 2016 | PUBLISHED FOR OPPOSITION |
| Wednesday, October 12, 2016 | NOTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE OPPOSITION SENT TO IB |
| Wednesday, October 12, 2016 | NOTICE OF START OF OPPOSITION PERIOD CREATED, TO BE SENT TO IB |
| Wednesday, October 12, 2016 | NOTIFICATION OF NOTICE OF PUBLICATION E-MAILED |
| Tuesday, September 27, 2016 | LAW OFFICE PUBLICATION REVIEW COMPLETED |
| Monday, September 12, 2016 | APPROVED FOR PUB - PRINCIPAL REGISTER |
| Monday, September 12, 2016 | EXAMINER'S AMENDMENT ENTERED |
| Monday, September 12, 2016 | NOTIFICATION OF EXAMINERS AMENDMENT E-MAILED |
| Monday, September 12, 2016 | EXAMINERS AMENDMENT E-MAILED |
| Monday, September 12, 2016 | EXAMINERS AMENDMENT -WRITTEN |
| Friday, August 12, 2016 | TEAS/EMAIL CORRESPONDENCE ENTERED |
| Friday, August 12, 2016 | CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED IN LAW OFFICE |
| Wednesday, August 3, 2016 | TEAS REQUEST FOR RECONSIDERATION RECEIVED |
| Thursday, March 17, 2016 | CHANGE OF OWNER RECEIVED FROM IB |
| Tuesday, February 16, 2016 | NOTIFICATION OF FINAL REFUSAL EMAILED |
| Tuesday, February 16, 2016 | FINAL REFUSAL E-MAILED |
| Tuesday, February 16, 2016 | FINAL REFUSAL WRITTEN |
| Tuesday, January 26, 2016 | TEAS/EMAIL CORRESPONDENCE ENTERED |
| Tuesday, January 26, 2016 | CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED IN LAW OFFICE |
| Thursday, January 14, 2016 | ASSIGNED TO LIE |
| Wednesday, December 30, 2015 | TEAS RESPONSE TO OFFICE ACTION RECEIVED |
| Saturday, July 18, 2015 | REFUSAL PROCESSED BY IB |
| Thursday, July 2, 2015 | NON-FINAL ACTION MAILED - REFUSAL SENT TO IB |
| Thursday, July 2, 2015 | REFUSAL PROCESSED BY MPU |
| Thursday, July 2, 2015 | NON-FINAL ACTION (IB REFUSAL) PREPARED FOR REVIEW |
| Wednesday, July 1, 2015 | NON-FINAL ACTION WRITTEN |
| Tuesday, June 30, 2015 | APPLICATION FILING RECEIPT MAILED |
| Thursday, June 25, 2015 | ASSIGNED TO EXAMINER |
| Thursday, June 25, 2015 | NEW APPLICATION OFFICE SUPPLIED DATA ENTERED |
| Thursday, June 18, 2015 | SN ASSIGNED FOR SECT 66A APPL FROM IB |